feat: Initialize frontend and backend structure with essential configurations

- Added TypeScript build info for frontend.
- Created Vite configuration for React application.
- Implemented pre-commit hook to run checks before commits.
- Set up PostgreSQL Dockerfile with PostGIS support and initialization scripts.
- Added database creation script for PostgreSQL with necessary extensions.
- Established Python project configuration with dependencies and development tools.
- Developed pre-commit script to enforce code quality checks for backend and frontend.
- Created PowerShell script to set up Git hooks path.

backend/app/models/base.py

@@ -0,0 +1,87 @@
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+from datetime import datetime
+from typing import Generic, Sequence, TypeVar
+
+from pydantic import BaseModel, ConfigDict
+
+
+def to_camel(string: str) -> str:
+    head, *tail = string.split("_")
+    return head + "".join(part.capitalize() for part in tail)
+
+IdT = TypeVar("IdT", bound=str)
+
+
+class CamelModel(BaseModel):
+    model_config = ConfigDict(
+        from_attributes=True,
+        populate_by_name=True,
+        alias_generator=to_camel,
+    )
+
+
+class TimestampedModel(CamelModel):
+    created_at: datetime
+    updated_at: datetime
+
+    model_config = ConfigDict(
+        frozen=True,
+        from_attributes=True,
+        populate_by_name=True,
+        alias_generator=to_camel,
+    )
+
+
+class IdentifiedModel(TimestampedModel, Generic[IdT]):
+    id: IdT
+
+
+class StationModel(IdentifiedModel[str]):
+    name: str
+    latitude: float
+    longitude: float
+
+
+class TrackModel(IdentifiedModel[str]):
+    start_station_id: str
+    end_station_id: str
+    length_meters: float
+    max_speed_kph: float
+
+
+class TrainModel(IdentifiedModel[str]):
+    designation: str
+    capacity: int
+    max_speed_kph: float
+    operating_track_ids: list[str]
+
+
+class StationCreate(CamelModel):
+    name: str
+    latitude: float
+    longitude: float
+    osm_id: str | None = None
+    code: str | None = None
+    elevation_m: float | None = None
+    is_active: bool = True
+
+
+class TrackCreate(CamelModel):
+    start_station_id: str
+    end_station_id: str
+    coordinates: Sequence[tuple[float, float]]
+    name: str | None = None
+    length_meters: float | None = None
+    max_speed_kph: int | None = None
+    is_bidirectional: bool = True
+    status: str = "planned"
+
+
+class TrainCreate(CamelModel):
+    designation: str
+    capacity: int
+    max_speed_kph: int
+    operator_id: str | None = None
+    home_station_id: str | None = None
+    consist: str | None = None