#!/usr/bin/env python3
"""Procedural character textures: skin detail and hair strands.

The local ComfyUI instance was tried first for skin, and failed in a way worth
recording: every "flat skin swatch" prompt produced an anatomical body part, twice
out of three attempts, and the third produced a leather-scale surface. SDXL has no
useful notion of "texture swatch without anatomy", and a character texture that
needs manual rejection on every seed is worse than noise we control.

So skin detail is generated here instead: fine tileable noise with a low-frequency
break-up, which is what the base colour actually needs (pores, not a pattern). Hair
is generated as a strand sheet with alpha, for hair cards.

    python3 Tools/gen/generate_character_textures.py --out Art/textures/generated
"""

import argparse
import json
import math
import os
import random
import struct
import zlib

SKIN = {
    "name": "T_Character_SkinDetail",
    "size": 512,
    # Base tone sits near the material's measured skin albedo so a multiply blend
    # keeps the character's colour rather than tinting it.
    "tint": (222, 178, 152),
    "detail": 9,
}

HAIR = {
    "name": "T_Character_Hair",
    "size": 512,
    "base": (44, 32, 26),
    "highlight": (96, 74, 58),
    "strands": 190,
}


def write_png(path, width, height, pixels, alpha=True):
    """Write RGBA or RGB pixels with zlib, no image library needed."""
    raw = bytearray()
    for y in range(height):
        raw.append(0)
        start = y * width * (4 if alpha else 3)
        step = 4 if alpha else 3
        for x in range(width):
            i = start + x * step
            raw += pixels[i:i + step]

    def chunk(tag, data):
        return (struct.pack(">I", len(data)) + tag + data +
                struct.pack(">I", zlib.crc32(tag + data) & 0xffffffff))

    colour_type = 6 if alpha else 2
    ihdr = struct.pack(">IIBBBBB", width, height, 8, colour_type, 0, 0, 0)
    png = b"\x89PNG\r\n\x1a\n" + chunk(b"IHDR", ihdr)
    png += chunk(b"IDAT", zlib.compress(bytes(raw), 6)) + chunk(b"IEND", b"")
    with open(path, "wb") as handle:
        handle.write(png)


def value_noise(size, cells, seed):
    """Tileable value noise: a lattice that wraps, bilinearly interpolated."""
    rnd = random.Random(seed)
    lattice = [[rnd.random() for _ in range(cells)] for _ in range(cells)]
    out = [0.0] * (size * size)
    for y in range(size):
        fy = y / size * cells
        y0 = int(fy) % cells
        y1 = (y0 + 1) % cells
        ty = fy - int(fy)
        ty = ty * ty * (3 - 2 * ty)
        for x in range(size):
            fx = x / size * cells
            x0 = int(fx) % cells
            x1 = (x0 + 1) % cells
            tx = fx - int(fx)
            tx = tx * tx * (3 - 2 * tx)
            a = lattice[y0][x0] * (1 - tx) + lattice[y0][x1] * tx
            b = lattice[y1][x0] * (1 - tx) + lattice[y1][x1] * tx
            out[y * size + x] = a * (1 - ty) + b * ty
    return out


def skin_texture(spec, out_dir):
    size, tint, detail = spec["size"], spec["tint"], spec["detail"]
    # Three octaves: fine pores, mid break-up, broad blotch. All tileable.
    fine = value_noise(size, 96, 7)
    mid = value_noise(size, 24, 13)
    broad = value_noise(size, 7, 21)
    px = bytearray(size * size * 3)
    for i in range(size * size):
        n = (fine[i] - 0.5) * detail * 1.0 + (mid[i] - 0.5) * detail * 0.6 + (broad[i] - 0.5) * detail * 0.4
        for c in range(3):
            v = tint[c] + n
            px[i * 3 + c] = max(0, min(255, int(v)))
    path = os.path.join(out_dir, spec["name"] + ".png")
    write_png(path, size, size, px, alpha=False)
    return path, {"octaves": {"fine": 96, "mid": 24, "broad": 7}, "detail": detail, "tint": tint}


def hair_texture(spec, out_dir):
    size = spec["size"]
    base, hi = spec["base"], spec["highlight"]
    rnd = random.Random(5)
    px = bytearray(size * size * 4)
    # Vertical strands: each is a line with slight wander, alpha fading at the edges.
    strands = []
    for _ in range(spec["strands"]):
        strands.append({
            "x": rnd.uniform(0, size),
            "w": rnd.uniform(0.6, 2.2),
            "a": rnd.uniform(0.35, 0.95),
            "wander": rnd.uniform(2.0, 9.0),
            "phase": rnd.uniform(0, math.tau),
            "bright": rnd.random(),
        })
    for y in range(size):
        for x in range(size):
            i = (y * size + x) * 4
            alpha = 0.0
            lift = 0.0
            for s in strands:
                sx = (s["x"] + math.sin(y / size * math.tau + s["phase"]) * s["wander"]) % size
                d = abs(x - sx)
                d = min(d, size - d)
                if d < s["w"]:
                    a = (1.0 - d / s["w"]) * s["a"]
                    if a > alpha:
                        alpha = a
                        lift = s["bright"]
            if alpha <= 0.02:
                px[i:i + 4] = bytes((0, 0, 0, 0))
                continue
            shade = [base[c] + (hi[c] - base[c]) * lift for c in range(3)]
            px[i:i + 3] = bytes(max(0, min(255, int(v))) for v in shade)
            px[i + 3] = int(min(1.0, alpha) * 255)
    path = os.path.join(out_dir, spec["name"] + ".png")
    write_png(path, size, size, px, alpha=True)
    return path, {"strands": spec["strands"], "base": base, "highlight": hi}


def main():
    ap = argparse.ArgumentParser()
    ap.add_argument("--out", default="Art/textures/generated")
    args = ap.parse_args()
    os.makedirs(args.out, exist_ok=True)
    results = {}
    for spec, maker in ((SKIN, skin_texture), (HAIR, hair_texture)):
        path, meta = maker(spec, args.out)
        sidecar = os.path.splitext(path)[0] + ".json"
        with open(sidecar, "w") as handle:
            json.dump({"tool": "Tools/gen/generate_character_textures.py",
                       "asset": spec["name"], "size": spec["size"],
                       "procedural": True, "meta": meta,
                       "note": "generated, not photographed; no third-party licence"},
                      handle, indent=2)
        results[spec["name"]] = path
        print(f"wrote {path} (+ sidecar)")
    return 0


if __name__ == "__main__":
    raise SystemExit(main())