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georg.sinn-schirwitz
4772c708f1 fix: adjust IP address range 2024-10-27 15:06:57 +01:00
georg.sinn-schirwitz
6572d2bda7 feat: add reverse proxy setup with nginx
docs: add to readme
2024-10-27 15:03:52 +01:00
georg.sinn-schirwitz
daf9b1a015 feat: add first course 2024-10-26 22:05:18 +02:00
georg.sinn-schirwitz
52738e0c01 create README 2024-10-26 22:05:01 +02:00
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# courses
# Ideas collection for Courses
This repository is a collection of ideas for courses.
## How to contribute
1. Fork this repository
2. Add your course idea to the `ideas/` directory
3. Create a pull request
4. Wait for it to be merged!
5. Check out the [courses](courses/) directory to see the courses that have been created from these ideas
## Ideas
- [Reverse Proxy Setup with Nginx](ideas/reverse-proxy-setup-with-nginx.md)
## Courses
### Beginner
- [One week (40 hours) crash course curriculum](courses/one-week-crash-course.md)

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# One-Week Crash Course Curriculum (40 Hours)
## Table of Contents
- [One-Week Crash Course Curriculum (40 Hours)](#one-week-crash-course-curriculum-40-hours)
- [Table of Contents](#table-of-contents)
- [Overview](#overview)
- [Introduction](#introduction)
- [Time Allocation](#time-allocation)
- [Schedule Table](#schedule-table)
- [Day 1](#day-1)
- [General Computer Basics](#general-computer-basics)
- [Introduction to Computer Hardware and Software](#introduction-to-computer-hardware-and-software)
- [Understanding File Systems](#understanding-file-systems)
- [File Systems and Storage Management](#file-systems-and-storage-management)
- [Disk Management and Partitioning](#disk-management-and-partitioning)
- [Storage Management Techniques](#storage-management-techniques)
- [Operating Systems Windows 10 and 11](#operating-systems--windows-10-and-11)
- [Installing Windows Operating Systems](#installing-windows-operating-systems)
- [Navigating the Windows User Interface](#navigating-the-windows-user-interface)
- [Windows Configuration and System Settings](#windows-configuration-and-system-settings)
- [Configuration and System Settings](#configuration-and-system-settings)
- [User Account Management](#user-account-management)
- [Practical Exercises and Q\&A Day 1](#practical-exercises-and-qa-day-1)
- [Day 2](#day-2)
- [Windows Configuration and System Settings (continued)](#windows-configuration-and-system-settings-continued)
- [Windows Networking Basics](#windows-networking-basics)
- [Windows Maintenance and Troubleshooting](#windows-maintenance-and-troubleshooting)
- [Shells Windows (CMD, PowerShell)](#shells--windows-cmd-powershell)
- [Introduction to Command-Line Interfaces](#introduction-to-command-line-interfaces)
- [Basic CMD Commands](#basic-cmd-commands)
- [PowerShell Scripting Basics](#powershell-scripting-basics)
- [Introduction to PowerShell](#introduction-to-powershell)
- [PowerShell Scripting Introduction](#powershell-scripting-introduction)
- [Practical Exercises and Q\&A Day 2](#practical-exercises-and-qa-day-2)
- [Day 3](#day-3)
- [Operating Systems Linux (Ubuntu/Debian)](#operating-systems--linux-ubuntudebian)
- [Introduction to Linux Operating Systems](#introduction-to-linux-operating-systems)
- [Installing Linux](#installing-linux)
- [Linux Desktop Environment](#linux-desktop-environment)
- [GNOME Desktop Environment Overview](#gnome-desktop-environment-overview)
- [Linux File System Structure](#linux-file-system-structure)
- [Linux System Configuration and Basic Commands](#linux-system-configuration-and-basic-commands)
- [Basic Linux Commands](#basic-linux-commands)
- [Linux System Configuration](#linux-system-configuration)
- [Linux Package Management and Processes](#linux-package-management-and-processes)
- [Package Management with APT](#package-management-with-apt)
- [System Services and Processes](#system-services-and-processes)
- [Practical Exercises and Q\&A Day 3](#practical-exercises-and-qa-day-3)
- [Day 4](#day-4)
- [Shells Linux (SH, Bash, Zsh)](#shells--linux-sh-bash-zsh)
- [Introduction to the Linux Shell](#introduction-to-the-linux-shell)
- [Basic Bash Commands](#basic-bash-commands)
- [Advanced Bash Scripting](#advanced-bash-scripting)
- [Bash Scripting Introduction](#bash-scripting-introduction)
- [Customizing the Shell Environment](#customizing-the-shell-environment)
- [IT Security Fundamentals](#it-security-fundamentals)
- [Introduction to IT Security Principles](#introduction-to-it-security-principles)
- [Types of Cyber Attacks](#types-of-cyber-attacks)
- [Security Best Practices and Cryptography](#security-best-practices-and-cryptography)
- [Security Best Practices](#security-best-practices)
- [Cryptography](#cryptography)
- [Security Tools and Resources](#security-tools-and-resources)
- [Security Tools](#security-tools)
- [Security Resources](#security-resources)
- [Day 5](#day-5)
- [Networking Concepts and TCP/IP Protocol Suite](#networking-concepts-and-tcpip-protocol-suite)
- [Introduction to Networking Concepts](#introduction-to-networking-concepts)
- [TCP/IP Protocol Suite](#tcpip-protocol-suite)
- [Network Devices and Troubleshooting](#network-devices-and-troubleshooting)
- [Network Devices](#network-devices)
- [Network Troubleshooting](#network-troubleshooting)
- [Servers Linux Web Server Setup](#servers--linux-web-server-setup)
- [Setting Up a Linux Server Environment](#setting-up-a-linux-server-environment)
- [Servers Linux Web Server Configuration](#servers--linux-web-server-configuration)
- [Installing and Configuring a Web Server](#installing-and-configuring-a-web-server)
- [Managing Services on Linux](#managing-services-on-linux)
- [Course Wrap-Up and Q\&A](#course-wrap-up-and-qa)
## Overview
- **Course**: One-Week Crash Course
- **Duration**: 40 hours
- **Topics**: General Computer Basics, File Systems, Storage Management, Operating Systems (Windows, Linux), Shells (CMD, PowerShell, Bash, Zsh), IT Security, Networking, Servers
- **Goals**: Foundational understanding of IT concepts and practical experience with operating systems, shells, and server setup
> [!NOTE]
> Notes for Participants
- **Prerequisites**: Basic familiarity with computers is helpful but not required.
- **Materials Needed**: Computer capable of running virtual machines
- **Follow-Up Resources**: Additional materials and resources to continue learning.
> [!WARNING]
> TODO: Add follow-up resources
## Introduction
This one-week crash course provides a comprehensive overview of key IT topics, including IT security, networking, computer basics, operating systems, shells, and basic server setup. The course is divided into daily modules, each focusing on specific topics. The total time frame is 40 hours, distributed equally over five days, with each day comprising 8 hours of instruction.
## Time Allocation
| Topic | Duration |
| ----------------------------------------- | -------- |
| General Computer Basics | 4 hours |
| File Systems and Storage Management | 4 hours |
| Operating Systems Windows 10 and 11 | 5 hours |
| Shells Windows (CMD, PowerShell) | 4 hours |
| Operating Systems Linux (Ubuntu/Debian) | 5 hours |
| Shells Linux (SH, Bash, Zsh) | 4 hours |
| IT Security | 5 hours |
| Networks | 5 hours |
| Servers Linux Web Server Setup | 5 hours |
| | |
| **Total** | 40 hours |
## Schedule Table
| Time | Day 1 | Day 2 | Day 3 | Day 4 | Day 5 |
| ----------- | ----------------------------------------- | ----------------------------------------- | --------------------------------------------- | ---------------------------------------- | --------------------------------------------- |
| 09:00-10:30 | General Computer Basics | Windows Configuration and System Settings | Operating Systems Linux (Ubuntu/Debian) | Shells Linux (SH, Bash, Zsh) | Networking Concepts and TCP/IP Protocol Suite |
| 10:30-10:45 | Break | Break | Break | Break | Break |
| 10:45-12:00 | File Systems and Storage Management | Windows Networking Basics | Linux Desktop Environment | Advanced Bash Scripting | Network Devices and Troubleshooting |
| 12:00-13:00 | Lunch | Lunch | Lunch | Lunch | Lunch |
| 13:00-14:30 | Operating Systems Windows 10 and 11 | Shells Windows (CMD, PowerShell) | Linux System Configuration and Basic Commands | IT Security Fundamentals | Servers Linux Web Server Setup |
| 14:30-14:45 | Break | Break | Break | Break | Break |
| 14:45-16:15 | Windows Configuration and System Settings | PowerShell Scripting Basics | Linux Package Management and Processes | Security Best Practices and Cryptography | Servers Linux Web Server Configuration |
| 16:15-17:00 | Practical Exercises and Q&A Day 1 | Practical Exercises and Q&A Day 2 | Practical Exercises and Q&A Day 3 | Practical Exercises and Q&A Day 4 | Course Wrap-Up and Q&A |
## Day 1
### General Computer Basics
#### Introduction to Computer Hardware and Software
- Understanding computer components: CPU, RAM, storage devices
- Differentiating between hardware and software
#### Understanding File Systems
- Overview of file systems: NTFS, FAT32, ext4
- Importance of file systems in data management
### File Systems and Storage Management
#### Disk Management and Partitioning
- Concepts of partitions and volumes
- Tools for disk management in Windows and Linux
#### Storage Management Techniques
- Basics of RAID configurations
- Introduction to backup strategies
### Operating Systems Windows 10 and 11
#### Installing Windows Operating Systems
- System requirements and installation process
- Setting up user accounts during installation
#### Navigating the Windows User Interface
- Start menu, taskbar, and system settings
- Using File Explorer effectively
### Windows Configuration and System Settings
#### Configuration and System Settings
- Personalization settings
- Managing devices and peripherals
#### User Account Management
- Creating and managing user accounts
- Understanding user permissions and rights
### Practical Exercises and Q&A Day 1
- Hands-on configuration tasks
- Addressing participant questions
## Day 2
### Windows Configuration and System Settings (continued)
#### Windows Networking Basics
- Connecting to networks
- Configuring network settings
#### Windows Maintenance and Troubleshooting
- System updates and patches
- Troubleshooting common issues using built-in tools
### Shells Windows (CMD, PowerShell)
#### Introduction to Command-Line Interfaces
- Understanding the role of shells
- Navigating the file system using CMD
#### Basic CMD Commands
- File and directory operations
- Utilizing environment variables
### PowerShell Scripting Basics
#### Introduction to PowerShell
- Differences between CMD and PowerShell
- PowerShell syntax and cmdlets
#### PowerShell Scripting Introduction
- Writing simple scripts
- Automating tasks using PowerShell
### Practical Exercises and Q&A Day 2
- Executing commands and scripts
- Addressing participant questions
## Day 3
### Operating Systems Linux (Ubuntu/Debian)
#### Introduction to Linux Operating Systems
- Understanding distributions: Ubuntu, Debian
- Open-source philosophy
#### Installing Linux
- Dual-booting with Windows
- Installation in a virtual machine
### Linux Desktop Environment
#### GNOME Desktop Environment Overview
- Navigating the GNOME interface
- Customizing desktop settings
#### Linux File System Structure
- Understanding root, home, and other directories
### Linux System Configuration and Basic Commands
#### Basic Linux Commands
- File operations: `ls`, `cp`, `mv`, `rm`
- Directory navigation: `cd`, `pwd`
#### Linux System Configuration
- Managing users and groups
- File permissions and ownership
### Linux Package Management and Processes
#### Package Management with APT
- Installing and updating software
- Managing repositories
#### System Services and Processes
- Monitoring system performance
### Practical Exercises and Q&A Day 3
- Hands-on with commands and configurations
- Addressing participant questions
## Day 4
### Shells Linux (SH, Bash, Zsh)
#### Introduction to the Linux Shell
- Role of the shell in Linux
- Comparing `sh`, `bash`, and `zsh`
#### Basic Bash Commands
- Text manipulation: `cat`, `grep`, `awk`
- Process management: `ps`, `top`, `kill`
### Advanced Bash Scripting
#### Bash Scripting Introduction
- Writing and executing scripts
- Using variables and control structures
#### Customizing the Shell Environment
- Aliases and shell prompts
- Introduction to shell configuration files
### IT Security Fundamentals
#### Introduction to IT Security Principles
- The CIA triad: Confidentiality, Integrity, Availability
- Understanding threats and vulnerabilities
#### Types of Cyber Attacks
- Malware, phishing, man-in-the-middle attacks
### Security Best Practices and Cryptography
#### Security Best Practices
- Strong password policies
- Importance of software updates
### Cryptography
- Basic cryptography concepts: encryption and decryption
### Security Tools and Resources
#### Security Tools
- Firewalls and antivirus software
#### Security Resources
- Staying informed about security threats
## Day 5
### Networking Concepts and TCP/IP Protocol Suite
#### Introduction to Networking Concepts
- Understanding LAN, WAN, and internet
- Overview of the OSI model
#### TCP/IP Protocol Suite
- IP addressing and subnetting basics
- Common protocols: HTTP, FTP, SMTP
### Network Devices and Troubleshooting
#### Network Devices
- Routers, switches, and hubs
#### Network Troubleshooting
- Using `ping`, `tracert`, and other tools
### Servers Linux Web Server Setup
#### Setting Up a Linux Server Environment
- Server vs. desktop environments
- Installing server packages
- Configuring SSH for remote access
### Servers Linux Web Server Configuration
#### Installing and Configuring a Web Server
- Apache or Nginx installation
- Serving static web pages
#### Managing Services on Linux
- Starting, stopping, and enabling services
### Course Wrap-Up and Q&A
- Security considerations for web servers
- Firewall configuration
- Securing web server files
- Reviewing key concepts
- Discussing next steps for continued learning

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# Reverse Proxy Setup with NGINX and BIND on Alpine Linux
This setup should give you a basic reverse proxy configuration using NGINX and a DNS server using BIND on Alpine Linux.
## Table of Contents
- [Reverse Proxy Setup with NGINX and BIND on Alpine Linux](#reverse-proxy-setup-with-nginx-and-bind-on-alpine-linux)
- [Table of Contents](#table-of-contents)
- [Introduction](#introduction)
- [Prerequisites](#prerequisites)
- [Steps](#steps)
- [Step 1: Install Required Packages](#step-1-install-required-packages)
- [Step 2: Configure BIND DNS Server](#step-2-configure-bind-dns-server)
- [Edit the BIND Configuration](#edit-the-bind-configuration)
- [Define Your Zone](#define-your-zone)
- [Create Zone File](#create-zone-file)
- [Start BIND](#start-bind)
- [Step 3: Configure NGINX as a Reverse Proxy](#step-3-configure-nginx-as-a-reverse-proxy)
- [Edit NGINX Main Configuration](#edit-nginx-main-configuration)
- [Create Server Block Configuration](#create-server-block-configuration)
- [Set the Webroot Directory](#set-the-webroot-directory)
- [Start NGINX](#start-nginx)
- [Step 4: Adjust Firewall Rules (if necessary)](#step-4-adjust-firewall-rules-if-necessary)
- [Summary of Important Configuration File Locations](#summary-of-important-configuration-file-locations)
- [Final Notes](#final-notes)
## Introduction
Setting up a reverse proxy with NGINX as the HTTP server and BIND as the DNS server on Alpine Linux involves several steps. Below is an outline of the setup, including important configuration file locations.
## Prerequisites
- Alpine Linux installed
- Root access or sudo privileges
## Steps
| # | Step | Description |
| --- | ---------------------------------- | ------------------------------------------------- |
| 1 | Install Required Packages | Install NGINX and BIND |
| 2 | Configure BIND DNS Server | Edit BIND configuration and create zone file |
| 3 | Configure NGINX as a Reverse Proxy | Create a server block configuration for your site |
| 4 | Adjust Firewall Rules | Allow traffic on ports 80 (HTTP) and 53 (DNS) |
### Step 1: Install Required Packages
First, you need to install NGINX and BIND. Open your terminal and run the following command:
```bash
apk add nginx bind
```
### Step 2: Configure BIND DNS Server
BIND will serve as your DNS server. The main configuration file is usually located at `/etc/bind/named.conf`.
#### Edit the BIND Configuration
```bash
vi /etc/bind/named.conf
```
#### Define Your Zone
Add a zone definition for your domain. For example:
```bash
zone "example.com" {
type master;
file "/etc/bind/db.example.com";
};
```
#### Create Zone File
Create a zone file for your domain:
```bash
vi /etc/bind/db.example.com
```
Sample content for `db.example.com`:
```dns
$TTL 86400
@ IN SOA ns.example.com. admin.example.com. (
2024102701 ; Serial
3600 ; Refresh
1800 ; Retry
604800 ; Expire
86400 ) ; Negative Cache TTL
@ IN NS ns.example.com.
ns IN A 10.0.0.1 ; Replace with your server's IP
www IN A 10.0.0.1 ; Replace with your server's IP
```
#### Start BIND
Start the BIND service and enable it to run on boot:
```bash
rc-service named start
rc-update add named
```
### Step 3: Configure NGINX as a Reverse Proxy
NGINX will act as a reverse proxy, forwarding requests to the backend server. The main configuration file for NGINX is located at `/etc/nginx/nginx.conf`, but you should create a specific server block configuration file for your site.
#### Edit NGINX Main Configuration
```bash
vi /etc/nginx/nginx.conf
```
Ensure that the following line is included to load additional configuration files:
```nginx
include /etc/nginx/conf.d/*.conf;
```
#### Create Server Block Configuration
Create a new configuration file for your site:
```bash
vi /etc/nginx/conf.d/example.com.conf
```
Sample configuration:
```nginx
server {
listen 80;
server_name www.example.com;
location / {
proxy_pass http://10.0.0.2; # Replace with your backend server address
proxy_set_header Host $host;
proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr;
proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-Proto $scheme;
}
}
```
#### Set the Webroot Directory
If you want to serve static files, you can set the webroot:
```nginx
location / {
root /www; # Your web root directory
index index.html index.htm;
}
```
#### Start NGINX
Start the NGINX service and enable it to run on boot:
```bash
rc-service nginx start
rc-update add nginx
```
### Step 4: Adjust Firewall Rules (if necessary)
If you are using a firewall, make sure to allow traffic on port 80 (HTTP) and 53 (DNS):
```bash
iptables -A INPUT -p tcp --dport 80 -j ACCEPT
iptables -A INPUT -p udp --dport 53 -j ACCEPT
```
## Summary of Important Configuration File Locations
- **BIND Configuration:**
- Main config: `/etc/bind/named.conf`
- Zone file: `/etc/bind/db.example.com`
- **NGINX Configuration:**
- Main config: `/etc/nginx/nginx.conf`
- Site-specific config: `/etc/nginx/conf.d/example.com.conf`
- Webroot: `/www`
## Final Notes
- Ensure to replace `example.com` and `backend_server_address` with your actual domain and backend server address.
- After making changes, you may need to reload BIND and NGINX to apply the new configurations:
```bash
rc-service named reload
rc-service nginx reload
```